12th Maharashtra Board (HSC) – Commerce (2026)

 

12th Maharashtra Board (HSC) – Commerce (2026)

Exam Dates (Expected – as per previous years)

• Practical / Oral Exams:
  ➤ Late January to early February 2026

• Theory Board Exams:
  ➤ Start: 10 February 2026
  ➤ End: Mid-March 2026 (around 11–18 March)

Exam Time:

• Morning shift: 11:00 AM – 2:00 PM

• Duration: 3 Hours

• Mode: Offline (Pen & Paper)

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Commerce Subjects

1. English

2. Book-Keeping & Accountancy

3. Organisation of Commerce & Management (OCM)

4. Economics

5. Mathematics & Statistics

6. Secretarial Practice (optional in some colleges)

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Common Paper Pattern (All Commerce Subjects)

• Total Marks:

  • Theory: 80 marks

  • Internal/Practical: 20 marks

  • Total: 100 marks

• Passing Marks: 35%

Question Types

• MCQs (Objective)

• Very Short Answers

• Short Answers

• Long Answers / Numerical Problems

• Internal choices are given

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Subject-Wise Paper Pattern (Simple)

Book-Keeping & Accountancy

• Journal entries

• Ledger & Subsidiary books

• Final accounts

• Partnership accounts

• Numerical-based paper

• High practice subject

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Organisation of Commerce & Management (OCM)

• Principles of management

• Business services

• Consumer protection

• Company & organization topics

• Theory-based + short notes

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Economics

• Micro & Macro economics

• Demand & supply

• National income

• Banking & financial system

• Diagram + explanation questions

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Mathematics & Statistics

• Statistics (mean, median, correlation)

• Probability

• Linear programming

• Functions & equations

• Numerical & formula-Secretarial Practice

• Office procedures

• Business communication

• Filing, meetings, correspondence

• Mostly theory + practical writing

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English

• Reading comprehension

• Grammar

• Essay / Letter / Report writing

• Textbook prose & poetry

New Year 2026

 

New Year 2026

A Reflection on the Changes from New Year 2025

As the world welcomes New Year 2026, it also takes a moment to reflect on how much has changed since New Year 2025. In just two years, society, technology, lifestyles, and global perspectives have evolved rapidly. The transition from 2025 to 2026 represents not just a change of calendar dates, but a transformation in the way people live, work, and think.

Technological Growth and Digital Life

Between New Year 2025 and New Year 2026, technology has advanced at an extraordinary pace. Artificial Intelligence has become more integrated into daily life—helping in education, healthcare, business, and creative work. Smartphones, smart homes, and digital assistants have grown more powerful and more personal. Tasks that once required hours can now be completed in minutes, making life faster and more connected.

Work Culture and Career Shifts

In 2025, remote and hybrid work were still evolving concepts. By 2026, flexible work environments have become normal for many industries. People focus more on work–life balance, skill development, and mental well-being. Freelancing, online businesses, and AI-assisted jobs have opened new career paths, especially for young professionals.

Education and Learning Methods

Education has changed significantly in these two years. Online learning platforms, AI tutors, and digital classrooms have improved accessibility and personalization. Students in 2026 learn not only from textbooks but also from simulations, virtual labs, and interactive content—making education more practical and future-oriented compared to 2025.

Lifestyle and Social Changes

Life in 2026 feels faster yet more mindful. Compared to 2025, people are more aware of health, fitness, and mental peace. Wellness apps, healthier food choices, and sustainable living habits are becoming common. Social media use has also become more purposeful, with people focusing on quality connections rather than quantity.

Economic and Business Transformation

The economy has adapted to digital-first systems. Online payments, digital currencies, and global e-commerce have expanded further by 2026. Small businesses now reach international markets more easily than in 2025. Innovation and adaptability have become key factors for success.

Environmental Awareness

From 2025 to 2026, awareness about climate change and sustainability has grown stronger. More people are adopting eco-friendly habits, and companies are focusing on green technology. Electric vehicles, renewable energy, and waste reduction efforts have increased noticeably.

Mindset and Personal Growth

Perhaps the biggest change between New Year 2025 and New Year 2026 is the mindset of people. Experiences from the past years have taught the value of time, health, and relationships. People enter 2026 with clearer goals, stronger resilience, and a desire for meaningful progress rather than just material success.

The IPL 2026 Auction

 

The IPL 2026 Auction is expected to be one of the most important and closely watched events in the history of the Indian Premier League. As the IPL continues to grow as the world’s biggest T20 league, the 2026 auction will play a crucial role in shaping team combinations, strategies, and future champions.

god

 good luck 🤞 

"Best of luck" is a common phrase used to wish someone success or good fortune for an upcoming event, like an interview, exam, or new venture, expressing hope for a positive outcome, often accompanied by positive energy or support. It's a versatile wish, suitable for formal and casual situations, conveying belief in their ability to succeed

west indies vs new zealand

 west indies vs new zealand

Latest match (2nd Test, 10 Dec 2025)

• In the 2nd Test at Basin Reserve, Wellington — West Indies were bowled out for 205 runs in their first innings. Their batting was led by Shai Hope (48) and a start from the openers.

• For New Zealand, Blair Tickner picked up 4 wickets for 32, while debutant Michael Rae claimed 3 for 67.

• At stumps, New Zealand were 24/0 (Devon Conway 16*, Tom Latham 7*) — trailing by 181 runs. 

• The day included a scare: Tickner, despite his great bowling, went off on a stretcher after injuring his shoulder during a dive. 

Test 1 (Christchurch) & Earlier Results

• In the 1st Test at Hagley Oval, Christchurch, West Indies pulled off a remarkable escape. Needing 531 to win, they finished at 457/6, thanks to a double-century (202*) by Justin Greaves — the second-highest fourth-innings total in Test history.

•  Greaves was supported by Shai Hope and tail-ender Kemar Roach, with the latter also contributing with the ball — helping secure a historic draw. 

• Overall, it was a display of grit: West Indies batted through the final two days to avoid defeat. 

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Tour so far (T20 + ODI + Test)

• Earlier on this tour, in the T20I series, New Zealand defeated West Indies 3–1. In the 5th T20I, New Zealand chased down a modest total of 140 with ease, winning by 8 wickets. 

• The ODI series also went to New Zealand: in the 2nd ODI (rain-shortened), they chased down 248/9 (WI) to win by 5 wickets. 

So before the Test series began, New Zealand were already ahead in the limited-overs formats.

king

 Virat Kohli

• 

• Full name: Virat Kohli

• Nickname(s): “Chikoo”, “King Kohli”, “Run Machine” 

• Date of Birth: 5 November 1988 

• Place of Birth: Delhi, India 

• Family Background: Father – Prem Kohli (was a criminal-lawyer), Mother – Saroj Kohli (housewife). He has a brother and a sister. 

• Early Cricketing Start: Joined the West Delhi Cricket Academy at a young age. 

विराट कोहली (जन्म 5 नवंबर, 1988) भारत के एक प्रसिद्ध क्रिकेटर हैं, जिन्हें दुनिया के सर्वश्रेष्ठ बल्लेबाजों में से एक माना जाता है, जो अपनी आक्रामक शैली और शानदार रिकॉर्ड के लिए जाने जाते हैं; उन्होंने U-19 विश्व कप जीता है, भारतीय टीम के कप्तान रहे हैं, और कई रिकॉर्ड तोड़े हैं, जिसमें ODI में सबसे ज़्यादा शतक का रिकॉर्ड भी शामिल है, और उन्हें अर्जुन पुरस्कार और पद्म श्री जैसे सम्मान मिले हैं, और वे अभिनेत्री  से विवाहित हैं। 

मुख्य जानकारी (Key Information):

• जन्म: 5 नवंबर, 1988, दिल्ली, भारत.
• पिता: सरोज कोहली.
• उपनाम: किंग कोहली (King Kohli).
• करियर की शुरुआत: 9 साल की उम्र में दिल्ली क्रिकेट अकादमी में दाखिला, 2008 में U-19 विश्व कप विजेता टीम के कप्तान, और 2008 में ही अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिकेट में पदार्पण.
• शैलियाँ: दाएं हाथ के बल्लेबाज, आक्रामक और भावुक स्वभाव.
• प्रमुख रिकॉर्ड:
  • वनडे (ODI) में सबसे ज़्यादा शतक (50वें शतक के साथ).
  • एक ही साल (2018) में तीनों ICC पुरस्कार (टेस्ट, ODI और क्रिकेटर ऑफ द ईयर) जीतने वाले पहले खिलाड़ी.
  • अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिकेट में सबसे ज़्यादा रन और शतक बनाने वालों में से एक.
• सम्मान: अर्जुन पुरस्कार (2013), पद्म श्री (2017), मेजर ध्यानचंद खेल रत्न पुरस्कार (2018).
• निजी जीवन: अभिनेत्री अनुष्का शर्मा से शादी, दो बच्चे हैं, और 2024 T20 विश्व कप के बाद T20I से संन्यास की घोषणा की

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Cricket Career – Overview & Playing Style

• Batting style: Right-handed. 

• Bowling style: Right-arm medium (though primarily known for batting). 

• Teams: Played for the national side of India. In domestic / franchise cricket, plays for Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) in the Indian Premier League (IPL). 

• Role: Top-order batsman. 

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International Career — Stats & Records (as of 2025)

Here are his numbers across major formats.

Format	Matches	Runs	Highest Score (HS)	Batting Average	100s / 50s	4s	6s
Test	123	9,230	254*	46.85	30 / 31	1,027	30
ODI	305	14,255	183	~57.7	51 / 75	1,332	152
T20I	125	4,188	122*	~   48.7	1 / 38	369	124

International Centuries (across formats):

• Total centuries (Tests + ODIs + T20I): ~83 to 84. 

• Breakdown: About 30 Test centuries, ~52–53 ODI centuries, 1 century in T20I. 

Additional achievements / records:

• He is considered one of the greatest batters of his generation — consistently among the top-ranked batsmen. 

• Known for being “chase-master” — excellent at finishing matches when India chases targets. 

• In franchise cricket (IPL), as of 2025, he has scored 8,661 runs — holding records for most runs, most centuries (8) and most fifties (63) for a single franchise. 

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Achievements & Impact

• He has a massive number of centuries across formats, placing him among the very top batters worldwide. 

• His consistency, ability to play under pressure and chase targets has earned him immense respect. 

• He was part of Indian teams that won major tournaments. 

• For his franchise in IPL, despite ups and downs, he is a central figure and has delivered many spectacular performances over the years.

 

Real Madrid vs Celta Vigo

Historical 

MATCH

• Historically, Real Madrid have dominated the head-to-head record against Celta. One source puts their overall record at roughly 82 wins for Real, 34 for Celta, and 21 draws in 137 meetings. 

• In more recent history (last few decades), Real Madrid have been particularly dominant: in a subset of recent matches, they won 29 out of 38, with only 5 wins for Celta and 3 draws. 

• The meetings tend to be high-scoring: many matches end with over 2.5 total goals. 

• Celta’s wins over Real are rare — making each Celta victory against Madrid a surprising and memorable result.

Thus, over decades, Real Madrid have been the “big boss”, while Celta have been more underdogs, often playing for pride and upset — which makes occasions when Celta beats Madrid all the more noteworthy.

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 Head-to-Head & Statistical Snapshot (Pre-2025)

According to a detailed head-to-head review prior to the 2025–26 season:

• In a sample of ~45 direct matches, Real Madrid won ~33, Celta won ~7, and ~5 ended in draws

• Goals per match: Real Madrid averaged about 2.47 goals, Celta about 1.04 — showing the attacking dominance of Madrid.

• Most matches saw more than 1.5 total goals; many had over 2.5 goals.

• In the 2024–25 season, one of the last meetings ended in a 3–2 win for Real Madrid. 

In sum — historically, when these two clubs meet, Real Madrid has the edge, and matches tend to be quite offensive.

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December 7, 2025 — A Shocking Result: Celta Vigo Upsets Real Madrid at Bernabéu

Match Summary

• On December 7, 2025, at the home of Real Madrid (Santiago Bernabéu Stadium), Celta Vigo shocked everyone by defeating Real Madrid 2–0 in La Liga. 

• Both goals were scored by a young substitute, Williot Swedberg — one with an audacious back-heel in the 53rd minute, and another in stoppage time, sealing the result. 

• The match was marred by disciplinary issues for Real Madrid: they ended the game with nine men after red cards for Fran García (sent off in the 64th minute) and Álvaro Carreras (sent off in stoppage time). 

• To add insult to injury, a key Real defender — Éder Militão — reportedly suffered a hamstring injury during the match. 

What Went Wrong for Real Madrid

• Real struggled to break down Celta’s defensive block: their forwards, including top attackers, struggled for space. Celta goalkeeper made important saves. 

• Missing defenders and rotation/shuffling in their back line — due to injuries and absences — meant Madrid’s usual defensive solidity was compromised.

• Discipline issues — two red cards — meant they couldn’t respond properly late in the game.

Significance of the Upset

• This defeat was a big blow for Real Madrid’s title aspirations; they fell behind in the standings. 

• For Celta, this win (especially away at Bernabéu) was rare and historic. Given how seldom they beat Real, this victory will be remembered by their fans as a major highlight.

• It underlines one football truth: no matter the history or reputation, on any given day — with discipline, fight, and a bit of inspiration — the underdog can win.

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2024–25 Meetings & Form

Looking at recent encounters before the 2025 upset:

• On May 4, 2025, Real Madrid and Celta Vigo met — Real won 3–2, but it was a close call: Celta fought back in the second half.

• That season’s result illustrated that while Real often win, Celta can — and do — push right until the end; they’re not pushovers.

• In 2024 and 2023, in La Liga, Real Madrid recorded wins (4–0, 2–0, 1–0) against Celta, showing consistency at maintaining dominance. 

Thus, while history heavily favors Real Madrid, the contests remain competitive — and Celta sometimes threaten to upset.

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What This Rivalry Means — Themes & Key Takeaways

1. David vs Goliath (but with twists): Though Real Madrid is the giant historically, Celta’s occasional wins make their clashes unpredictable.

2. High-scoring games, but tough to break down: Matches often see multiple goals, but Celta frequently use defensive organization and counterattacks to challenge Real’s attacking firepower.

3. Respect for the underdog: For Celta fans, beating Real — especially away — is huge. For Real, it’s a reminder: no game is guaranteed.

4. Psychological edge and momentum swings: When Real win comfortably, they assert dominance; but a shock result (like Dec 2025) can shake that confidence and change momentum in a season.

5. Importance of discipline and fitness: Real’s collapse in Dec 2025 was partly due to cards and injuries — showing even world-class squads are vulnerable if structure breaks.

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 What the Future Might Hold

• For Real Madrid: This defeat may serve as a wake-up call — need to avoid complacency, manage squad depth carefully (especially defense), and maintain discipline.

• For Celta Vigo: The win gives belief — and may help them perform more confidently, especially in big matches. For Celta fans, this serves as a statement: they can challenge the giants.

• For the rivalry: While Real’s historical dominance likely continues, matches may become more competitive — especially as football evolves, and tactical discipline becomes crucial. Upsets may happen more often.

• For neutrals: This rivalry remains one to watch — even if historical odds favor one side. On any given matchday, drama, surprises, and emotion are possible.